Which type of crime involves manipulation and deception to achieve financial gain?

The concept of white collar crime specifically refers to non-violent financial crimes perpetrated through deceit and manipulation, typically committed for the purpose of financial gain. This term was popularized by sociologist Edwin Sutherland, emphasizing that these crimes often occur in business or professional settings and involve activities like fraud, embezzlement, insider trading, and identity theft.

White collar crimes are characterized by their reliance on sophisticated schemes to exploit trust and gain economic benefits, often affecting large organizations or significant numbers of people. The methods employed are usually intricate and may involve the use of advanced technology or deceptive practices aimed at achieving financial profit without physical violence.

In contrast, other categories mentioned, such as blue collar crime, juvenile delinquency, and street crime, typically involve more direct forms of crime often associated with violence or property damage rather than the fraudulent and manipulative tactics associated with white collar crime. These distinctions highlight the unique nature of white collar crime and its implications in financial and corporate environments.